Nā hopena hoʻāʻo cellulose ether

Ma o ka nānā ʻana a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā hopena hoʻāʻo cellulose ether ma nā mokuna ʻekolu, ʻo nā hopena nui penei:

5.1 Ka hopena

1. Cellulose ether ka unuhi ana mai na mea kanu maka

(1) Ua ana ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu ʻelima (ka mākū, ka lehu, ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau, ka cellulose a me ka hemicellulose), a ua koho ʻia ʻekolu mau mea kanu mea kanu, ka ʻōpala paina a me ka mauʻu palaoa.

a me ka bagasse e unuhi i ka cellulose, a ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻili cellulose. Ma lalo o ka optimized kaʻina kūlana, ka

ʻO ka maʻemaʻe pili o ka lignoscellulose, ka mauʻu palaoa cellulose a me ka bagasse cellulose ua ʻoi aku ma luna o 90%, a ʻo kā lākou hua ma luna o 40%.

(2) Mai ka nānā ʻana i ka spectrum infrared, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, lawe ʻia nā huahana cellulose mai ka mauʻu palaoa, bagasse a me ka sawdust pine.

Ma ka 1510 knm-1 (ka ha'alulu iwi o ke apo benzene) a ma kahi o 1730 knm-1 (ka ho'opa'a 'ana i ka vibration o ka carbonyl C=O non-conjugated)

ʻAʻohe piko, e hōʻike ana ua wehe maoli ʻia ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose i loko o ka huahana i unuhi ʻia, a ʻo ka cellulose i loaʻa he maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. ma ka poni

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka spectrum absorption waho e emi mau ana ka maʻiʻo pili o ka lignin ma hope o kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu o ka mālama ʻana, a ke emi nei ka absorption UV o ka cellulose i loaʻa.

Ua kokoke loa ke ki'i spectral i loa'a i ka pale spectral absorption ultraviolet o blank potassium permanganate, e hō'ike ana he ma'ema'e ka cellulose i loa'a. na X

Ua hōʻike ʻo X-ray diffraction analysis i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana o ka crystallinity pili o ka cellulose huahana i loaʻa.

2. Ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā cellulose ethers

(1) Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻokolohua kumu hoʻokahi no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kaʻina hana pretreatment alkali decristallization o pine cellulose;

Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻokolohua Orthogonal a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokahi-factor i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o CMC, HEC a me HECMC mai ka lāʻau paina alkali cellulose, kēlā me kēia.

hoʻopono. Ma lalo o nā kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi loa, ua loaʻa iā CMC me DS a hiki i 1.237, HEC me MS a hiki i 1.657.

a me HECMC me kahi DS o 0.869. (2) Wahi a ka FTIR analysis, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cellulose lāʻau pine maoli, ua hoʻokomo maikaʻi ʻia ka carboxymethyl i loko o ka cellulose ether CMC.

I ka cellulose ether HEC, ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka hui hydroxyethyl; i ka cellulose ether HECMC, ua pili pono ka hui hydroxyethyl

ʻO nā hui carboxymethyl a me hydroxyethyl.

(3) Hiki ke loaʻa mai ka H-NMR analysis i hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui hydroxyethyl i ka huahana HEC, a loaʻa iā HEC ma ka helu maʻalahi.

degere mola o ka pani.

(4) E like me ka hoʻohālikelike XRD, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cellulose lāʻau pine maoli, ʻo ka cellulose ethers CMC, HEC a me HEECMC he

Ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻano aniani i ke ʻano cellulose II, a ua emi nui ka crystallinity.

3. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cellulose ether paste

(1) ʻO nā waiwai kumu o ka paʻi kumu: SA, CMC, HEC a me HECMC he mau wai pseudoplastic āpau, a

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pseudoplasticity o nā cellulose ethers ʻekolu ma mua o ka SA, a ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SA, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa PVI, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka paʻi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi.

Pua; ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka helu hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pāpaʻi ʻehā: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; ka paʻa wai o ka paʻi kumu CMC,

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ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka urea a me ka paʻakai anti-staining S ua like ia me SA, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana o ka paʻi kumu CMC ma mua o SA, akā ʻo ka

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o HEC raw paste ma mua o ka SA;

ʻOi aku ka hewa o ka paʻa ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana o ka sodium bicarbonate ma mua o SA;

Ua like ka SA, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻa wai, ka hoʻohālikelike me ka sodium bicarbonate a me ka paʻa o ka mālama ʻana o HEECMC raw paste ma mua o SA. (2) Paʻi ʻana o ka paʻi: CMC ʻike ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka permeability, ka paʻi ʻana, ka paʻi kala kala, a pēlā aku e like me SA.

a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka depaste rate o CMC ma mua o ka SA; ua like ka depaste rate a me ka paʻi ʻana o HEC me SA, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka helehelena o HEC ma mua o ko SA.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka waihoʻoluʻu, permeability a me ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu ma mua o SA; ʻO ka manaʻo paʻi HECMC, ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka hamo ʻana e like me SA;

ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lākiō paʻi ma mua o SA, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka mālama ʻana o HECMC ma mua o SA.

5.2 Manaʻo

Mai ka hopena noi o 5.1 cellulose ether paste hiki ke loaʻa, cellulose ether paste hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hana.

Nā pāpaʻi paʻi kiʻi, ʻoi aku ka anionic cellulose ethers. Ma muli o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka hui hydrophilic carboxymethyl, nā lālā ʻeono

ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl mua ma ke apo, a me ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ma hope o ka ionization i ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ke kala ʻana o nā fiber me nā dyes reactive. Eia naʻe, ma ka holoʻokoʻa,

ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka hopena noi o ka paʻi paʻi cellulose ether, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana a i ʻole ka molar substitution o cellulose ether.

Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻololi ʻana, pono e aʻo hou ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā cellulose ethers me ke degere pani kiʻekiʻe.