Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o Plasticizer a me Superplasticizer

ʻO nā Plasticizers a me nā superplasticizer nā ʻano mea hoʻohui kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hui ʻana i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana, hoʻemi i ka ʻike wai, a hoʻonui i kekahi mau waiwai o ka ʻāpana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻano hana a me nā pono kikoʻī a lākou e hāʻawi ai. Eia nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā plasticizers a me nā superplasticizers:

1. Mechanism o ka hana:
   • Plasticizers: ʻO nā Plasticizers nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai-soluble i hui pū me ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana sima, e hōʻemi ana i nā ikaika huki interparticle a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā ʻāpana sima i loko o ka hui. Hana nui lākou ma ka lubricating i nā ʻāpana, e ʻae ai i ka wai nui a me ka maʻalahi o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka hui ʻana.
   • Superplasticizers: ʻO Superplasticizers, i ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻemi wai kiʻekiʻe (HRWR), he mau mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai maikaʻi loa e hoʻopuehu i nā ʻāpana sima ma mua o nā plasticizers. Hana lākou ma ka hoʻopili ʻana ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana sima a hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi, kahi e hana ai i ka mana repulsive ikaika ma waena o nā ʻāpana, no laila e hōʻemi i ka ratio wai-a-cement me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana.
2. Hoemi wai:
   • Plasticizers: Hoʻemi maʻamau ka poʻe Plasticizer i ka ʻike wai o nā hui ʻana i ka 5% a 15% ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka hana.
   • Superplasticizers: Hiki i nā superplasticizers ke hoʻokō i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai, maʻamau i ka laulā o 20% a 40%, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i ka ikaika paʻa, ka lōʻihi, a me ka hana.
3. Kaʻina:
   • Plasticizers: Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia nā Plasticizer ma nā ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā superplasticizer ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻemi wai.
   • Superplasticizers: Pono nā Superplasticizers i nā mea kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō i ka hoʻemi wai i makemake ʻia a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hoʻokō i ka hana.
4. Ka hopena i ka hiki ke hana:
   • Plasticizers: Hoʻomaikaʻi mua nā Plasticizers i ka hana a me ka kahe o nā hui ʻana i ka ʻiʻo, e maʻalahi iā lākou e kau, paʻa, a hoʻopau.
   • Superplasticizers: Hāʻawi nā Superplasticizers i nā pono like i nā plasticizers akā hiki ke hoʻokō i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hana a me ka flowability, e ʻae ai i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe nui a me ka hoʻohui ʻana iā ia iho.
5. Nā noi:
   • Plasticizers: Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia nā Plasticizers ma kahi ākea o nā noi koneki kahi i makemake ʻia ai ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana a me ka maʻalahi o ka lawelawe ʻana, e like me ka mīkini paʻa paʻa, precast concrete, a me shotcrete.
   • Superplasticizers: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā superplasticizers i nā hui ʻana o ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe kahi e koi ʻia ai ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka lōʻihi, a me nā hiʻohiʻona kahe, e like me nā hale kiʻekiʻe, nā alahaka, a me nā papahana hoʻolālā.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana ʻia nā plasticizers a me nā superplasticizers e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka hana ʻana o ka hui ʻana o ka paʻakai, hāʻawi nā superplasticizers i nā mea hiki ke hoʻemi wai nui a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā noi koneki hana kiʻekiʻe kahi koʻikoʻi ka ikaika, ka lōʻihi, a me ka flowability.