Ka hana o ka cellulose ether i loko o ka mortar

ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi hua o ka cellulose maoli. ʻOkoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether mai nā polymers synthetic. ʻO kāna mea nui loa he cellulose, kahi hui polymer maoli. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki i ka cellulose pono ke hana me nā mea etherification. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mea hoʻohuhū, ua luku ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala a me nā kaulahao, a lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ikaika o ka hui hydroxyl i cellulose alkali reactive. E kiʻi i ka cellulose ether.

I loko o ka mīkini paʻipaʻi mākaukau, he haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka cellulose ether, akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hana o ka mortar pulu, a he mea hoʻohui nui ia e pili ana i ka hana hana o ka mortar. ʻO ke koho kūpono o nā cellulose ethers o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, nā viscosities like ʻole, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa like ʻole, nā degere like ʻole o ka viscosity a me nā nui i hoʻohui ʻia e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo. I kēia manawa, nui ʻole ka hana paʻa ʻana o ka wai i ka nui o nā masonry a me ka plastering morta, a e kaʻawale ka slurry wai ma hope o kekahi mau minuke o ke kū ʻana.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai he hana koʻikoʻi ia o ka methyl cellulose ether, a he hana hoʻi ia i ka nui o nā mea hana mortar maloʻo maloʻo, ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma nā ʻāpana hema me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena paʻa wai o ka mortar hui maloʻo, ʻo ia ka nui o ka MC i hoʻohui ʻia, ka viscosity o MC, ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

ʻO nā waiwai o ka cellulose ethers e pili ana i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea pani. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cellulose ethers ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, degere o ka etherification, solubility a me nā waiwai noi pili. E like me ke ʻano o nā substituent ma ke kaulahao mole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka monoether a me ka ether hui. ʻO ka MC a mākou e hoʻohana mau ai he monoether, a ʻo ka HPMC he ether hui ʻia. ʻO ka methyl cellulose ether MC ka huahana ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hui hydroxyl ma ka ʻāpana glucose o ka cellulose maoli e ka methoxy. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻo [COH7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3)h ]x. Hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ka pūʻulu e ka pūʻulu methoxy, a ua pani ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e ka hui hydroxypropyl, ʻo ke kumu hoʻohālike [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n] x Ethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ʻo ia nā ʻano nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.

Ma ke ʻano o ka solubility, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ionic a me ka non-ionic. ʻO nā etera cellulose non-ionic hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ʻelua pūʻulu o nā alkyl ethers a me hydroxyalkyl ethers. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Ionic CMC i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe synthetic, paʻi lole a me ke kala, ʻimi ʻai a me ka ʻaila. ʻO ka non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā uhi latex, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kinikona o kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether: I ka hana ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo, cellulose ether ka hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i ka mortar kūikawā (modified mortar), he mea nui a koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka cellulose ether wai i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano:

1. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa wai maikaʻi
2. Ka hopena i ka paʻa ʻana o ka mortar a me ka thixotropy
3. Ka pilina me ka sima.

ʻO ka hopena paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka wai o ka papa kumu, ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka mortar layer, ke koi wai o ka mortar, a me ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mea hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether ponoʻī mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o cellulose ether ponoʻī. E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻoiai ʻo ka cellulose molecular chain ka nui o nā pūʻulu OH hydratable, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crystallinity o ka hale cellulose. ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki hydration o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl wale nō e uhi i nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika a me nā kaha van der Waals ma waena o nā mole. No laila, pehu wale ia akā ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea pani i loko o ke kaulahao molekala, ʻaʻole ʻo ka mea pani wale nō e hoʻopau i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā ua luku ʻia hoʻi ka pilina hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wili ʻana o ka mea pani ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o ka mea pani, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā mole. ʻOi aku ka mamao. ʻO ka nui o ka hopena o ka luku ʻana i nā paʻa hydrogen, lilo ka cellulose ether i ka wai-soluble ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka lattice cellulose a komo ka hopena, e hana ana i kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe-viscosity. Ke piʻi ka mahana, nāwaliwali ka hydration o ka polymer, a kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. I ka lawa ʻana o ka hopena dehydration, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu, e hana ana i kahi gel hoʻonohonoho ʻoihana ʻekolu-dimensional a pelu ʻia.