Me ka holomua mau o ka ʻoihana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe mortar haole, ua hoʻomohala nui ʻia ka ʻenehana mīkini a me ka plastering i koʻu ʻāina i nā makahiki i hala. He ʻokoʻa ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mortar maʻamau, e koi ana i ka hana paʻa wai kiʻekiʻe, ka wai kūpono a me kekahi hana anti-sagging. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohui ʻia ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ka mortar, ʻo ia ka cellulose Ether (HPMC) i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO nā hana nui o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC i loko o ka mortar: ʻo ka mānoanoa a me ka viscosifying, hoʻoponopono i ka rheology, a me ka mana paʻa wai maikaʻi loa. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia nā hemahema o HPMC. Loaʻa i ka HPMC ka hopena ea, e hoʻonui i nā hemahema o loko a e hōʻemi nui i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar. Ua aʻo ʻo Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. i ka mana o HPMC ma ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka nui, ka ea a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar mai ka ʻano macroscopic, a ua aʻo i ka mana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ma ka L kūkulu o ka mortar mai. ke ʻano microscopic. .
1. Hoao
1.1 Mea maka
Sima: P.0 42.5 sima ma ke kuai, kona 28d flexural a me compressive ikaika he 6.9 a me 48.2 MPa; one: Chengde one fine river, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: hana ʻia e Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, pauka keʻokeʻo, nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; wai: wai paipu maʻemaʻe.
1.2 Hana ho'āʻo
Wahi a JGJ / T 105-2011 "Nā Kūlana Kūʻai no ka Mechanical Spraying and Plastering", ke kūlike o ka mortar he 80-120 mm, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai ma mua o 90%. Ma kēia hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka lakio lime-sand ma 1: 5, ua hoʻomalu ʻia ke kūlike ma (93 + 2) mm, a ua hui pū ʻia ka cellulose ether ma waho, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka nui o ka hui ʻana ma luna o ka nui sima. Ua ho'āʻo ʻia nā waiwai maʻamau o ka mortar e like me ka mākū, ka ea, ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, a me ke kūlike me ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ka JGJ 70-2009 "Nā Hana Hoʻāʻo no nā Pono Pono o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka Motar", a ua hoʻāʻo ʻia a helu ʻia ka ea e like me ka density. ʻano hana. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, flexural a compressive ikaika hoʻāʻo o nā specimens i lawe ʻia e like me GB / T 17671-1999 "Methods for Testing the Strength of Cement Mortar Sand (ISO Method)". Ua ana ʻia ke anawaena o nā larvae e ka mercury porosimetry. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka mercury porosimeter ʻo AUTOPORE 9500, a ʻo ke ana ʻana he 5.5 nm-360 μm. Ua lawe ʻia he 4 mau hoʻāʻo. ʻO ka lakio sima-sand he 1: 5, ʻo ka viscosity o HPMC he 100 Pa-s, a ʻo ka dosage 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (ʻo nā helu he A, B, C, D).
2. Nā hopena a me ka nānā ʻana
2.1 Ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka pahu sima
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai e pili ana i ka hiki o ka mortar ke paʻa i ka wai. I loko o ka mīkini i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka mīkini, hoʻohui i ka cellulose ether hiki ke mālama pono i ka wai, hoʻemi i ke kahe koko, a hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hydration piha o nā mea hoʻokumu ʻia. Ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka pahū.
Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike HPMC, piʻi mālie ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ka mortar. ʻO nā pihi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether me nā viscosities o 100, 150 a me 200 Pa.s ua like loa. Ke 0.05% -0.15% ka maʻiʻo, piʻi ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai i ka laina laina, a i ka wā he 0.15% ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai ma mua o 93%. ; Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o nā grits ma mua o 0.20%, e palahalaha ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, e hōʻike ana ua kokoke ka nui o ka HPMC i ka saturation. ʻO ka pihi mana o ka nui o ka HPMC me ka viscosity o 40 Pa.s ma ka pae paʻa wai ma kahi o kahi laina pololei. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui ma mua o 0.15%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka pahū ma mua o nā ʻano ʻekolu o ka HPMC me ka nui o ka viscosity. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o cellulose ether: ʻo ka hui hydroxyl ma ka cellulose ether mole a me ka oxygen atom ma ka paʻa eter e hui pū me ka mole wai e hana i kahi paʻa hydrogen, i lilo ka wai manuahi i wai paʻa. , no laila ke pāʻani nei i kahi hopena paʻa wai maikaʻi; Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ka interdiffusion ma waena o nā molekele wai a me nā kaulahao molecular cellulose ether e hiki ai i nā molekole wai ke komo i loko o nā kaulahao macromolecular cellulose ether a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ikaika hoʻopaʻa ikaika, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka slurry sima. Hiki i ka paʻa wai maikaʻi ke mālama i ka mortar homogeneous, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻokaʻawale, a loaʻa i ka hana hui maikaʻi, ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i ka lole mechanical a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe mortar.
2.2 ʻO ka hopena o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC i ka nui a me ka ea o ka mortar sima.
Ke 0-0.20% ka nui o ka HPMC, e emi loa ana ka nui o ka mortar me ka hoonui o ka nui o ka HPMC, mai ka 2050 kg/m3 a hiki i ka 1650kg/m3, he 20% ka emi; ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka HPMC ma mua o 0.20%, e emi ana ka nui. i ka malie. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano 4 o ka HPMC me nā viscosity ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka momona o ka mortar; ʻO nā ʻōniʻoniʻo mānoanoa o nā mortar me nā viscosities hui ʻia o 150 a me 200 Pa.s HPMC e uhi pono ana, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka viscosity o HPMC, ʻaʻole e emi hou ka Density.
ʻO ke kānāwai hoʻololi o ka ea maʻiʻo o ka mortar ke kū'ē i ka hoʻololiʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka mortar. Ke 0-0.20% ka maʻiʻo o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻiʻo HPMC, piʻi ka ea o ka mortar kokoke i ka linearly; ʻoi aku ka maʻiʻo o ka HPMC Ma hope o ka 0.20%, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli ka ʻike o ka ea, e hōʻike ana ua kokoke ka hopena o ka ea i ka saturation. ʻOi aku ka hopena o ka ea o HPMC me ka viscosity o 150 a me 200 Pa.s ma mua o ka HPMC me ka viscosity o 40 a me 100 Pa.s.
Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ka hopena ea o ka cellulose ether e kona ʻano mole. Loaʻa i ka cellulose ether nā pūʻulu hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ether) a me nā pūʻulu hydrophobic (methyl, glucose ring), a he surfactant. , loaʻa ka hana ma luna, no laila e loaʻa ai ka hopena ea. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao, hiki i ke kinoea i hoʻokomoʻia ke hana ma keʻano he pōleʻa i loko o ka mortar, hoʻonui i ka hana hana o ka mortar, hoʻonui i ka leo, a hoʻonui i ka huahana, i mea e pono ai ka mea hana. Akā, ma kaʻaoʻao'ē aʻe, hoʻonui ka hopena o ka ea i ka ea o ka mortar a me ka porosity ma hope o ka paʻakikī, e hopena i ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā pores pōʻino a me ka ho'ēmi nuiʻana i nā mea mechanical. ʻOiai he hopena koʻikoʻi ko HPMC, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mea hoʻokomo ea. Eia kekahi, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka HPMC a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ea i ka manawa like, hiki ke hāʻule ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ea.
2.3 ʻO ka hopena o ka HPMC ma nā ʻano mechanical o ka mīkini sima
I ka nui o ka HPMC he 0.05% wale no, e emi loa ka ikaika flexural o ka mortar, ma kahi o 25% ka ha'aha'a ma mua o ka hāpana hakahaka me ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, a hiki i ka ikaika compressive ke hiki wale i 65% o ka hāpana hakahaka - 80%. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka HPMC ma mua o 0.20%, ʻaʻole maopopo ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika flexural a me ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka viscosity o HPMC i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar. Hoʻokomo ʻo HPMC i ka nui o nā ʻōhū ea liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka hopena o ka ea ma ka mortar e hoʻonui i ka porosity kūloko a me nā pores pōʻino o ka mortar, e hopena i ka emi nui o ka ikaika compressive a me ka ikaika flexural. ʻO kekahi kumu no ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika mortar ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ka cellulose ether, ka mea e mālama ai i ka wai i loko o ka mīkini paʻakikī, a ʻo ka nui o ka wai-binder ratio alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika o ka poloka hoʻāʻo. No ka mīkini hana mīkini, ʻoiai hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar a hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna hana, inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka dosage, e hoʻopilikia nui ia i nā ʻano mechanical o ka mortar, no laila pono ke kaupaona ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.
Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, ua hōʻike ka lakene pelupili o ka mortar i ka piʻi nui ʻana, ʻo ia ka pilina laina. ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka cellulose ether i ka nui o nā ʻōhū ea, e hoʻonui ai i nā hemahema i loko o ka pahū, a ʻo ka ikaika compressive o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi mortar rose e emi loa, ʻoiai ke emi nei ka ikaika flexural i kekahi ʻano; akā, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻalahi o ka mortar, He mea maikaʻi ia i ka ikaika flexural, kahi e hoʻolohi ai ka emi ʻana. Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ʻo ka hopena hui o nā mea ʻelua e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ratio pelu.
2.4 ʻO ka hopena o ka HPMC ma ke anawaena L o ka mortar
Mai ke kaʻe puʻupuʻu pore, ka nui o ka pore a me nā ʻāpana helu helu like ʻole o nā laʻana AD, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he mana nui ka HPMC i ka hana pore o ka mortar sima:
(1) Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, piʻi nui ka nui o ka pore o ka mortar sima. Ma ke kaʻe puʻupuʻu pore nui, neʻe ka ʻāpana o ke kiʻi i ka ʻākau, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai pore e pili ana i ka waiwai kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke anawaena pore median o ka mortar sima ma mua o ka hāpana hakahaka, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ke anawaena pore median o ka hāpana me 0.3% dosage e 2 mau kauoha o ka nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana hakahaka.
(2) E hoʻokaʻawale i nā pores i loko o nā ʻano ʻehā, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pores harmless (≤20 nm), pores liʻiliʻi (20-100 nm), pores ʻino (100-200 nm) a me nā pores he nui (≥200 nm). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka Papa 1 e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā lua pōʻino a i ʻole nā puka liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā lua pōʻino a i ʻole nā puka ʻino. ʻO nā pores maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole nā pores liʻiliʻi o nā laʻana i hui ʻole ʻia me HPMC ma kahi o 49.4%. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, hoʻemi nui ʻia nā pores ʻino a i ʻole nā pores liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ke ʻano o ka 0.1% ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā pores maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole nā pores liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 45%. %, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā lua pōʻino ma mua o 10um ma kahi o 9 mau manawa.
(3) ʻO ke anawaena pore median, ke anawaena pore awelika, ka nui o ka pore kiko'ī a me ka ʻāpana o ka ʻili kikoʻī ʻaʻole e hahai i kahi lula hoʻololi koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC maʻiʻo, i pili paha i ke koho hāpana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka mercury. pili i ka hoopuehu nui. Akā, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke anawaena pore median, awelika pore anawaena a me ka leo pore kikoʻī o ka hāpana i hui pū ʻia me HPMC e hoʻonui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana hakahaka, ʻoiai e emi ana ka ʻili kiko.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-03-2023