I loko o ka mortar i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, he haʻahaʻa loa ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether, akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hana o ka mortar pulu, a he mea hoʻohui nui ia e pili ana i ka hana hana o ka mortar. ʻO ke koho kūpono o nā cellulose ethers o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, nā viscosities like ʻole, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa like ʻole, nā degere like ʻole o ka viscosity a me nā nui i hoʻohui ʻia e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo. I kēia manawa, nui ʻole ka hana paʻa ʻana o ka wai i ka nui o nā masonry a me ka plastering morta, a e kaʻawale ka slurry wai ma hope o kekahi mau minuke o ke kū ʻana. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai he hana koʻikoʻi ia o ka methyl cellulose ether, a he hana hoʻi ia i ka nui o nā mea hana mortar maloʻo maloʻo, ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma nā ʻāpana hema me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena paʻa wai o ka mortar hui maloʻo, ʻo ia ka nui o ka MC i hoʻohui ʻia, ka viscosity o MC, ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana o ka hoʻohana ʻana.
1. Manao
ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi hua o ka cellulose maoli. ʻOkoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether mai nā polymers synthetic. ʻO kāna mea nui loa he cellulose, kahi hui polymer maoli. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki i ka cellulose pono ke hana me nā mea etherification. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mea hoʻohuhū, ua luku ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala a me nā kaulahao, a lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ikaika o ka hui hydroxyl i cellulose alkali reactive. E kiʻi i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO nā waiwai o ka cellulose ethers e pili ana i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea pani. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cellulose ethers ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, degere o ka etherification, solubility a me nā waiwai noi pili. E like me ke ʻano o nā substituent ma ke kaulahao mole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka monoether a me ka ether hui. ʻO ka MC a mākou e hoʻohana mau ai he monoether, a ʻo ka HPMC he ether hui ʻia. ʻO ka methyl cellulose ether MC ka huahana ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hui hydroxyl ma ka ʻāpana glucose o ka cellulose maoli e ka methoxy. He huahana ia i loaʻa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ka hui me kahi pūʻulu methoxy a me kahi ʻāpana me kahi hui hydroxypropyl. ʻO ke kumu hoʻolālā ʻo [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ʻo ia nā ʻano nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.
Ma ke ʻano o ka solubility, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ionic a me ka non-ionic. ʻO nā etera cellulose non-ionic hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ʻelua pūʻulu o nā alkyl ethers a me hydroxyalkyl ethers. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Ionic CMC i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe synthetic, paʻi lole a me ke kala, ʻimi ʻai a me ka ʻaila. ʻO ka non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, a me nā mea'ē aʻe i hoʻohana nuiʻia i nā mea hana, nā latex coatings, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kinikona o kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ka cellulose ether
Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether: I ka hana ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo, cellulose ether ka hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i ka mortar kūikawā (modified mortar), he mea nui a koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka wai-soluble cellulose ether i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano, ʻo kekahi ka mana paʻa wai maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka mana i ka kūlike a me ka thixotropy o ka mortar, a ʻo ke kolu ka pilina me ka sima. ʻO ka hopena paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka wai o ka papa kumu, ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka mortar layer, ke koi wai o ka mortar, a me ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mea hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether ponoʻī mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o cellulose ether ponoʻī. E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻoiai ʻo ka cellulose molecular chain ka nui o nā pūʻulu OH hydratable, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crystallinity o ka hale cellulose.
ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki hydration o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl wale nō e uhi i nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika a me nā kaha van der Waals ma waena o nā mole. No laila, pehu wale ia akā ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea pani i loko o ke kaulahao molekala, ʻaʻole ʻo ka mea pani wale nō e hoʻopau i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā ua luku ʻia hoʻi ka pilina hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wili ʻana o ka mea pani ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o ka mea pani, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā mole. ʻOi aku ka mamao. ʻO ka nui o ka hopena o ka luku ʻana i nā paʻa hydrogen, lilo ka cellulose ether i ka wai-soluble ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka lattice cellulose a komo ka hopena, e hana ana i kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe-viscosity. Ke piʻi ka mahana, nāwaliwali ka hydration o ka polymer, a kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. I ka lawa ʻana o ka hopena dehydration, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu, e hana ana i kahi gel hoʻonohonoho ʻoihana ʻekolu-dimensional a pelu ʻia.
ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, ʻo ia ka cellulose ether viscosity, ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana, ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana a me ka mahana hoʻohana.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai. ʻO ka viscosity kahi mea koʻikoʻi o ka hana MC. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea hana MC ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano a me nā mea hana like ʻole e ana i ka viscosity o MC. ʻO nā ala nui ʻo Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde a me Brookfield. No ka huahana like, ʻokoʻa loa nā hopena viscosity i ana ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole, a ua pālua ʻia kekahi. No laila, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka viscosity, pono e hana ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano hoʻokolohua like, me ka mahana, rotor, etc.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o MC, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kona solubility e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ikaika a me ka hana ʻana o ka mortar. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa ma ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole pololei ia. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka viscous o ka mortar pulu, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e pili ana i ka scraper a me ka hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe i ka substrate. Akā ʻaʻole kōkua ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka mortar pulu ponoʻī. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hana anti-sag. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka mortar pulu.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia i ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai.
E pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Ma hope o ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana nui o ka cellulose ether me ka wai, e hoʻoheheʻe koke ka ʻili a hana i kahi gel e hoʻopili ai i ka mea e pale ai i nā molekala wai mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka infiltrate. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi, e hana ana i kahi hopena flocculent ao a i ʻole agglomeration. Hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether, a ʻo ka solubility kekahi o nā kumu no ke koho ʻana i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO ka maikaʻi kekahi mea nui o ka methyl cellulose ether. ʻO ka MC i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo pono e lilo i pauka, me ka wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka fineness hoʻi e koi ai i ka 20% ~ 60% o ka nui o ka nui ma lalo o 63um. Hoʻopili ka fineness i ka solubility o ka methyl cellulose ether. He mea maʻamau ka MC Coarse, a he maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka agglomeration, akā lohi loa ka dissolution rate, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo maloʻo. I loko o ka lepo lepo maloʻo, ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo MC ma waena o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka aggregate, ka mea hoʻopiha maikaʻi a me ka sima, a ʻo ka pauka maikaʻi wale nō e hiki ke pale i ka methyl cellulose ether agglomeration i ka hui ʻana me ka wai. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo MC me ka wai e hoʻoheheʻe i nā agglomerates, paʻakikī loa ka hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe.
ʻAʻole hoʻopau wale ka maikaʻi o ka MC, akā e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika kūloko o ka mortar. Ke hoʻohana ʻia kēlā ʻano mea maloʻo maloʻo ma kahi ākea, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka lepo maloʻo kūloko, a e ʻike ʻia nā māwae ma muli o nā manawa hoʻōla ʻokoʻa. No ka mortar sprayed me ka hana mechanical, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no ka fineness ma muli o ka pōkole o ka hui ʻana.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o MC kekahi hopena i kona paʻa wai. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, no ka methyl cellulose ethers me ka like viscosity akā ʻokoʻa ka fineness, ma lalo o ka huina hoʻohui like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC pili pū me ka mahana i hoʻohana ʻia, a ke emi nei ka paʻa wai o ka methyl cellulose ether me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā noi waiwai maoli, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka mīkini pauka maloʻo i nā substrate wela i nā wela kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 degere) ma nā wahi he nui, e like me ka pā o waho ka putty plastering ma lalo o ka lā i ke kauwela, e hoʻolōʻihi pinepine i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka sima a me ka paʻakikī. puna pauda maloʻo. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai e alakaʻi i ka manaʻo maopopo e pili ana ka hana a me ka pale ʻana i ka māwae, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hōʻemi i ka mana o nā mea wela ma lalo o kēia ʻano.
ʻOiai ke manaʻo ʻia nei nā mea hoʻohui methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether ma ke alo o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana, ʻo ko lākou hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mahana e alakaʻi mau i ka nāwaliwali o ka hana ʻana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo. ʻOiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (ke kumu kauwela), ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻohana. Ma o kekahi hana kūikawā ma ka MC, e like me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification, a me nā mea'ē aʻe, hiki ke mālamaʻia ka hopena o ka mālamaʻana i ka wai i kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe, i hiki ai ke hāʻawi i ka hana maikaʻi ma lalo o nā kūlana paʻakikī.
3. Mānoanoa a me Thixotropy o Cellulose Etera
ʻO ka mānoanoa a me ka thixotropy o ka cellulose ether: ʻO ka hana ʻelua o ka cellulose ether-ka hopena mānoanoa e pili ana i: ke degere o ka polymerization o ka cellulose ether, ka hoʻonā hopena, ka shear rate, ka mahana a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. He kū hoʻokahi ka waiwai gelling o ka hopena i ka alkyl cellulose a me kāna mau mea i hoʻololi ʻia. ʻO nā waiwai gelation e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi, ka hoʻonā hoʻonā a me nā mea hoʻohui. No nā derivatives hoʻololi hydroxyalkyl, pili pū nā waiwai gel i ka pae hoʻololi o ka hydroxyalkyl. No ka haʻahaʻa viscosity MC a me HPMC, 10% -15% ka hoʻonā hiki ke hoomakaukau, waena viscosity MC a me HPMC hiki ke hoomakaukau 5% -10% solution, oiai kiʻekiʻe viscosity MC a me HPMC hiki ke hoomakaukau wale 2% -3% solution, a maʻamau. ʻO ka viscosity classification o cellulose ether ua helu pū ʻia e 1% -2% solution.
High molecular kaumaha cellulose etera i kiʻekiʻe thickening pono. I loko o ka hoʻonā hoʻonaʻauao hoʻokahi, ʻokoʻa nā polymers me nā kaupaona molekala like ʻole. Degere kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka viscosity target ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nui o ka cellulose ether molecular haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO kona viscosity he mea liʻiliʻi ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka helu shear, a hiki i ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe i ka viscosity pahuhopu, a he liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana, a ʻo ka viscosity e pili ana i ka pono thickening. No laila, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi kūlike, pono e hōʻoia ʻia kahi nui o ka cellulose ether (concentration of the solution) a me ka viscosity solution. ʻO ka mahana gel o ka hopena e emi iho ana me ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka hoʻonāʻana o ka hopena, a me nā gels i ka mahana wela ma hope o ka hikiʻana i kahi hoʻolālā. He kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike gelling o HPMC ma ka lumi wela.
Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kūlike ma ke koho ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ke koho ʻana i nā cellulose ethers me nā pae like ʻole o ka hoʻololi. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydroxyalkyl ma ke ʻano iwi o MC. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai hoʻololi pili o nā mea pani ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā waiwai hoʻololi pili pili DS a me ms o nā pūʻulu methoxy a me hydroxyalkyl a mākou e ʻōlelo pinepine ai. Hiki ke loaʻa nā koi hana like ʻole o ka cellulose ether ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai hoʻololi pili o nā mea pani ʻelua.
ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ke kūpaʻa a me ka hoʻololi: ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai o ka mortar, hoʻololi i ka ratio wai-binder o ka wai a me ka sima ka hopena mānoanoa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka inu wai.
Pono e hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale pauka i ka wai anuanu a hāʻawi i kahi kūlike kūpono no ka ʻōnaehana. Inā hā'awi 'ia i ka nui o ka shear rate, e lilo mau ana ia i ka flocculent a me ka colloidal block, 'o ia ho'i kahi huahana i 'oi aku ka maika'i 'ole.
Aia kekahi pilina laina maikaʻi ma waena o ke kūlike o ka paʻi sima a me ke ʻano o ka cellulose ether. Hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui nui i ka viscosity o ka mortar. ʻO ka nui o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena. Loaʻa ka thixotropy kiʻekiʻe o ka cellulose ether aqueous solution, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻano nui o ka cellulose ether. Loaʻa ka wai wai o nā polimer MC i ka wai pseudoplastic a me ka non-thixotropic ma lalo o ko lākou wela gel, akā nā waiwai kahe o Newtonian ma nā ʻāpana ʻoki haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui ka Pseudoplasticity me ka paona molekala a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana o ka cellulose ether, me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ka mea pani a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi. No laila, nā cellulose ethers o ka like viscosity grade, ʻaʻohe mea MC, HPMC, HEMC, e hōʻike mau i nā waiwai rheological like me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana a me ka mahana.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā gels Structural i ka wā e piʻi aʻe ai ka mahana, a hiki mai nā kahe thixotropic kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa viscosity cellulose ethers i ka thixotropy ma lalo o ka mahana gel. He pōmaikaʻi nui kēia waiwai i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pae ʻana a me ka sagging i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar hale. Pono e wehewehe ʻia ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molecular pili o cellulose ether, a me ka emi ʻana o kona solubility, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole. e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka mortar a me ka hana hana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa ma ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole ia i kūlike loa. ʻO kekahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka viscosity, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka cellulose ether i hoʻololi ʻia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka mortar pulu. Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity, hoʻomaikaʻi ka paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether. 4. Hoʻopaneʻe i ka cellulose ether
Ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka cellulose ether: ʻO ke kolu o ka hana o ka cellulose ether e hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaʻina hydration o ka sima. Hāʻawi ka cellulose ether i ka mortar me nā waiwai pono like ʻole, a hoʻemi pū i ka wela hydration mua o ka sima a hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaʻina hana hydration o ka sima. He mea maikaʻi ʻole kēia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mortar ma nā wahi anuanu. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hopena hoʻihoʻi ma muli o ka adsorption o nā molekole cellulose ether ma nā huahana hydration e like me CSH a me ca(OH)2. Ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity o ka solution pore, hoʻemi ka cellulose ether i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion i loko o ka hopena, a laila e hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaʻina hydration.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-04-2023