ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi mea hoʻohui waiwai nui, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar, ka pauka putty, ka uhi a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā waiwai kino a me ka hana hana o ka mea. ʻO nā mea nui o ka cellulose ether ka cellulose kumu kumu a me nā substituent i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka hoʻololi kemika, e hāʻawi iā ia i ka solubility kūʻokoʻa, ka mānoanoa, ka paʻa wai a me nā waiwai rheological.
1. Cellulose kumu kumu
ʻO Cellulose kekahi o nā polysaccharides maʻamau i ke ʻano, ka mea i loaʻa mai nā mea kanu. ʻO ia ka mea nui o ka cellulose ether a hoʻoholo i kona ʻano kumu a me nā waiwai. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā molekole cellulose i nā ʻāpana glucose i hoʻopili ʻia e nā paʻa β-1,4-glycosidic e hana i kahi ʻano kaulahao lōʻihi. Hāʻawi kēia laina laina i ka cellulose ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha molecular kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻilihune kona solubility i ka wai. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe wai o cellulose a hoʻololi i nā pono o nā mea kūkulu hale, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose.
2. Nā mea pani-kī o ka etherification reaction
Loaʻa ʻia nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa o ka cellulose ether e nā substituent i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka hopena etherification ma waena o ka hui hydroxyl (-OH) o ka cellulose a me nā pūhui ether. ʻO nā mea pani maʻamau ka methoxy (-OCH₃), ethoxy (-OC₂H₅) a me ka hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kēia mau mea pani e hoʻololi i ka solubility, mānoanoa a me ka paʻa wai o cellulose. Wahi a nā mea hoʻololi i hoʻokomo ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Methyl cellulose (MC): Hoʻokumu ʻia ka methyl cellulose ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā methyl substituents (-OCH₃) i loko o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i loko o ka molekole cellulose. Loaʻa i kēia cellulose ether maikaʻi ka hoʻoheheʻe wai a me nā waiwai mānoanoa a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mortar maloʻo, nā mea hoʻopili a me nā uhi. Loaʻa iā MC ka paʻa wai maikaʻi loa a kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka wai i nā mea kūkulu hale, e hōʻoia ana i ka pili ʻana a me ka ikaika o ka mortar a me ka pauka putty.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC): Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea pani hydroxyethyl (-OC₂H₅), i mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka wai a paʻakai. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ʻo HEC i nā uhi wai, nā pena latex a me nā mea hoʻohui hale. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai mānoanoa a me ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana hana o nā mea.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e ka hoʻokomo like ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) a me nā methyl substituents. Hōʻike kēia ʻano cellulose ether i ka paʻa wai maikaʻi loa, ka lubricity a me ka hana i nā mea kūkulu hale e like me ka mortar maloʻo, nā tile adhesives, a me nā ʻōnaehana pale o waho. Loaʻa i ka HPMC ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ka pale hau, no laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hana o nā mea kūkulu hale ma lalo o nā kūlana climatic.
3. Ka wai solubility a me ka mānoanoa
ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe wai o cellulose ether e pili ana i ke ʻano a me ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mea pani (ʻo ia ka helu o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i hoʻololi ʻia ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana glucose). ʻO ka pae kūpono o ka hoʻololi ʻana e hiki ai i nā molekole cellulose ke hana i kahi hopena kūlike i ka wai, e hāʻawi ana i nā waiwai mānoanoa maikaʻi. I nā mea kūkulu hale, hiki i nā cellulose ethers e like me nā mānoanoa ke hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka mortar, pale i ka stratification a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea, a pēlā e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana hana.
4. Paʻa wai
He mea koʻikoʻi ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūkulu hale. I nā huahana e like me ka mortar a me ka pauka putty, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni wai nui ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea e pale ai i ka wai mai ka evaporating wikiwiki loa, a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa wehe a me ka hana o ka mea. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika paʻa a me ka pale ʻana i ka haki.
5. Rheology a me ka hana hana
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i nā waiwai rheological o nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kahe a me ke ʻano deformation o nā mea ma lalo o nā mana o waho. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka lubricity o ka mortar, hoʻonui i ka pumpability a me ka maʻalahi o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea. I ke kaʻina hana e like me ka pipi ʻana, ka ʻōpala a me ka masonry, kōkua ka cellulose ether e hōʻemi i ke kūʻē a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pono, ʻoiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka uhi ʻana me ka ʻole o ka sagging.
6. Hoʻohālikelike a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni
He kūpono maikaʻi ka Cellulose ether me nā ʻano mea hale like ʻole, me ka cement, gypsum, lime, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka cellulose ether he mea hoʻohui ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kaiapuni, kahi i loaʻa mai i nā fibers mea kanu maoli, ʻaʻohe pōʻino i ke kaiapuni, a hoʻokō i nā koi palekana o ke kaiapuni o nā mea kūkulu hale hou.
7. Nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻololi ʻia
I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ai i ka hana o ka cellulose ether, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻololi ʻē aʻe i ka hana maoli. No ka laʻana, e hoʻonui kekahi mau mea hana i ke kūpaʻa wai a me ka pale ʻana i ka wā o ka cellulose ether ma o ka hui ʻana me ka silicone, paraffin a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau mea i hoʻololi ʻia e hoʻokō maʻamau i nā koi noi kikoʻī, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka anti-permeability o ka mea a me ka lōʻihi i nā uhi pā o waho a i ʻole nā morta wai.
Ma ke ʻano he mea koʻikoʻi i nā mea kūkulu hale, he mau waiwai multifunctional ka cellulose ether, me ka mānoanoa, paʻa wai, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai rheological. ʻO kāna mau mea nui ka cellulose kumu a me nā substituent i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka hopena etherification. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o ka cellulose ethers he ʻokoʻa nā noi a me nā hana i nā mea kūkulu hale ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o kā lākou mea pani. ʻAʻole hiki i nā cellulose ethers ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka hana kūkulu hale, akā hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka maikaʻi holoʻokoʻa a me ke ola lawelawe o nā hale. No laila, loaʻa i nā cellulose ethers nā manaʻo hoʻohana ākea i nā mea kūkulu hale hou.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-18-2024