ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia me ka cellulose kūlohelohe e like me ka mea maka e ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi mea i loaʻa i ka cellulose maoli, cellulose ether production a me ka polymer synthetic he ʻokoʻa, ʻo kāna mea kumu nui he cellulose, nā pūhui polymer maoli. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki i ka cellulose ke hana me ka etherifying agent. Akā, ma hope o ka lapaʻau 'ana o ka pehu mea, ua luku 'ia ka ikaika hydrogen paʻa ma waena o molecular kaulahao a me nā kaulahao, a me ka hana o ka hydroxyl pūʻulu ua hoʻokuʻu 'ia i loko o alkali cellulose me ka reaction hiki, a me ka cellulose etera ua loaa ma o ka hopena o etherifying agent - OH pūʻulu i - OR hui.
ʻO nā waiwai o ka cellulose ethers e pili ana i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea pani. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka cellulose ether ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, degere o ka etherification, solubility a me nā noi pili e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. E like me ke ʻano o nā mea pani ma ke kaulahao mole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ether hoʻokahi a me ka ether hui. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo MC ma ke ʻano he ether hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ʻo HPmc kahi ether hui. ʻO ka Methyl cellulose ether MC he ʻāpana glucose cellulose maoli ma ka hydroxyl he methoxide i pani ʻia e ke kumu hoʻolālā huahana [CO H7O2 (OH) 3-H (OCH3) H] X, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether HPmc he ʻāpana ma ka hydroxyl he ʻāpana o ka methoxide i hoʻololi ʻia, ʻo kekahi ʻāpana o ka hana hydroxypropyl i hoʻololi ʻia, ʻo kahi ʻāpana o ka hydroxypropyl i hoʻololi ʻia, ʻo TheO2 (OH) 3-MN (OCH3) M [OCH2CH (OH) CH3] N] X a me ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEmc, i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.
Mai ka solubility hiki ke puunaue i ka ionic type a me ka ole-ionic type. ʻO ka wai-soluble non-ionic cellulose ether ka mea nui o ka alkyl ether a me ka hydroxyl alkyl ether ʻelua mau ʻano ʻano. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Ionic Cmc i ka detergent synthetic, textile, paʻi, meaʻai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila. Non-ionic MC, HPmc, HEmc a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā uhi latex, lāʻau lapaʻau, kemika o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. E like me ka mea mānoanoa, ka mea mālama wai, stabilizer, dispersant, film forming agent.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai cellulose ether
I ka hana ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻoi aku ka maloʻo maloʻo i hui ʻia, cellulose ether kahi hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka mortar kūikawā (modified mortar), he mea pono ʻole.
ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka wai-soluble cellulose ether i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, ʻo ka lua ka mana o ka paʻa ʻana o ka mortar a me ka thixotropy, a ʻo ke kolu ka pilina me ka sima.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai cellulose eter, hilinaʻi ma ke kumu o ka hydroscopicity, ka haku ʻana o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka mortar, ka koi wai momi, condensation material condensation time. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o cellulose ether ponoʻī. Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ʻo nā kaulahao molekula cellulose, ʻoiai aia ka nui o nā pūʻulu OH hydrated kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma muli o ko lākou ʻano crystalline nui. ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl wale nō e uku no nā paʻa hydrogen intermolecular ikaika a me nā pūʻali van der Waals. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea pani i loko o ke kaulahao molekula, ʻaʻole nā mea pani wale nō e hoʻopau i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā naʻe hoʻi nā mea hoʻopaʻa hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wili ʻana o nā mea pani ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o nā mea pani, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā molekala. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka luku ʻana i ka hopena hydrogen bond, cellulose lattice hoʻonui, ʻo ka hopena i loko o ka cellulose ether e lilo i ka wai-soluble, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hopena viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana, emi ka hydration o ka polymer a kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. I ka lawa ʻana o ka hopena dehydrating, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu a paʻi ka gel i loko o kahi pūnaewele ʻekolu. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, ʻo ia ka cellulose ether viscosity, dosage, particle fineness a me ka mahana lawelawe.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai, ka viscosity o ka solution polymer. Hoʻoholo pū ʻia ka paona molekala (degree of polymerization) o ka polymer e ka lōʻihi a me ka morphology o ke ʻano mole o ke kaulahao, a ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka helu o nā mea pani e pili pono i ka laulā viscosity. [eta] = Km alpha
ʻO ka viscosity intrinsic o nā hopena polymer
M polymer molecular kaumaha
α polymer ano mau
K viscosity solution coefficient
ʻO ka viscosity o ka hopena polymer e pili ana i ke kaumaha molekala o ka polymer. ʻO ka viscosity a me ka ʻike ʻana o ka cellulose ether solution e pili ana i nā noi like ʻole. No laila, ʻo kēlā me kēia cellulose ether he nui nā kikoʻī viscosity like ʻole, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono viscosity ka mea nui ma o ka degradation o ka cellulose alkali, ʻo ia hoʻi ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o ke kaulahao molekula cellulose e hoʻokō.
No ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻO nā ʻāpana nui o ka cellulose ether pili me ka wai, e hoʻoheheʻe koke ka ʻili a hana i kahi gel e uhi ai i ka mea e pale ai i nā molekala wai mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ke komo ʻana, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wā lōʻihi, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi hopena flocculent a i ʻole agglomerate. ʻO ka solubility o cellulose ether kekahi o nā kumu e koho ai i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO ka mānoanoa a me ka thixotropy o ka cellulose ether
ʻO ka hopena lua o ka cellulose ether - ka mānoanoa ma muli o: cellulose ether polymerization degree, solution concentration, shear rate, wela a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. He kū hoʻokahi ka waiwai gelation o ka hopena i ka alkyl cellulose a me kāna mau mea i hoʻololi ʻia. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona gelation e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ka hoʻonā hoʻonā a me nā mea hoʻohui. No ka hydroxyl alkyl modified derivatives, pili pū nā waiwai gel i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi hydroxyl alkyl. No ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka viscosity haʻahaʻa MC a me HPmc hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia he 10% -15% ka hopena hoʻonā, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka viscosity MC a me HPmc 5% -10% solution a me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe MC a me ka HPmc hiki ke hoʻomākaukau wale ʻia 2% -3% solution, a ʻo ka maʻamau ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether e helu pū ʻia e 1%-2% solution. High molecular kaumaha cellulose etera mānoanoa ka pono, ka like kuʻina o ka hoʻonā, okoa molecular kaumaha polymers i okoa viscosity, viscosity a me molecular kaumaha hiki ke hoike penei, [η] = 2.92×10-2 (DPn) 0.905, DPn ka awelika polymerization degere o kiʻekiʻe. Haʻahaʻa molecular kaumaha cellulose ether e hoʻohui hou aku e hoʻokō i ka pahuhopu viscosity. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona viscosity i ka shear rate, kiʻekiʻe viscosity e hoʻokō i ka viscosity target, ʻo ka nui e pono ai e hoʻohui i ka liʻiliʻi, pili ka viscosity i ka pono mānoanoa. No laila, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi kūlike, pono e hōʻoia ʻia kahi nui o ka cellulose ether (concentration of solution) a me ka viscosity solution. Ua emi ka mahanahana o ka ho'ohehe'e me ka pi'i 'ana o ka ho'onā 'ana, a 'o ka ho'oulu 'ana i ka lumi wela ma hope o ka loa'a 'ana o kekahi kukū. Loaʻa i ka HPmc kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka gelation i ka lumi wela.
Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kūlike ma ke koho ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana a me nā cellulose ethers me nā pae like ʻole o ka hoʻololi. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl alkyl i kahi pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano iwi o MC. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai hoʻololi pili o nā mea pani ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā waiwai hoʻololi pili pili o DS a me MS o nā pūʻulu methoxy a me hydroxyl. Pono nā waiwai like ʻole o ka cellulose ether ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai hoʻololi pili o nā ʻano mea pani ʻelua.
ka pilina ma waena o ka paʻa a me ka hoʻololi. Ma ke Kiʻi 5, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai o ka mortar a hoʻololi i ka ratio wai-binder o ka wai a me ka sima, ʻo ia ka hopena mānoanoa. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana wai.
Pono e hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale lepo i ka wai anuanu a hāʻawi i ka ʻōnaehana me ke kūlike kūpono. Inā he flocculent a colloidal ka nui shear rate i hāʻawi ʻia, he huahana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole a maikaʻi ʻole paha.
Aia kekahi pilina laina maikaʻi ma waena o ka paʻa ʻana o ka slurry cement a me ke ʻano o ka cellulose ether, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui nui i ka viscosity o ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena.
ʻO ka cellulose ether aqueous solution me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe he thixotropy kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano o ka cellulose ether. He pseudoplastic, non-thixotropic ka wai o nā polimer ʻano Mc ma lalo o ko lākou wela gel, akā, nā waiwai kahe o Newtonian ma nā ʻāpana ʻoki haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui ka Pseudoplasticity me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha molekala a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana o ka cellulose ether a kūʻokoʻa i ke ʻano substituent a me ke degere. No laila, ke hōʻike mau nei nā cellulose ethers o ka pae viscosity like, inā ʻo MC, HPmc a i ʻole HEmc, i nā ʻano rheological like me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomau ʻana a me ka mahana. Ke piʻi ka mahana, hoʻokumu ʻia ka gel structural a hele mai ke kahe thixotropic kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike nā cellulose ethers me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me ka viscosity haʻahaʻa i ka thixotropy ma lalo o ka mahana gel. He waiwai nui kēia waiwai i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pā hale no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kona kahe a me ke kahe o ka waiwai e kau ana. Pono e wehewehe ʻia ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka molecular paona o cellulose ether, ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa like ʻana o kona solubility, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mortar a me ka hana hana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa o ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole ia he pilina pili piha. ʻO kekahi haʻahaʻa viscosity, akā hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose ether i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka mortar pulu i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity, cellulose ether wai paʻa i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-30-2022