ʻO wai ka maikaʻi, CMC a i ʻole HPMC?

I mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) a me ka HPMC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), pono mākou e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou mau waiwai, nā noi, nā pono, nā hemahema, a me nā hihia hoʻohana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā derivatives cellulose ʻelua i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonaninani a me ke kūkulu ʻana. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa e kūpono iā lākou no nā kumu like ʻole. E hana kākou i ka hoʻohālikelike piha hohonu e ʻike ai i ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā kūlana like ʻole.

1. Ka wehewehe a me ka hoʻolālā:
CMC (carboxymethylcellulose): ʻO ka CMC kahi wai-soluble cellulose derivative i hana ʻia e ka hopena o ka cellulose a me ka chloroacetic acid. Loaʻa iā ia nā pūʻulu carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kekahi o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl o nā monomers glucopyranose i hana i ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.
HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose): ʻO HPMC kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe wai-soluble cellulose i hana ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka cellulose me ka propylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride. Loaʻa nā hui hydroxypropyl a me methoxy i hoʻopili ʻia i ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.

2. Solubility:
CMC: Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, e hana ana i kahi hāʻina ʻālohilohi, viscous. Hōʻike ia i ke ʻano kahe pseudoplastic, ʻo ia hoʻi ka emi ʻana o kona viscosity ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi shear.

HPMC: Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ana ma mua o CMC. Hōʻike pū ia i ka hana pseudoplastic.

3. Rheological waiwai:
CMC: Hōʻike i ka hana ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki, ʻo ia hoʻi, e emi ana kona viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka shear rate. Ua kūpono kēia waiwai no nā noi kahi e koi ʻia ai ka mānoanoa akā pono e kahe maʻalahi ka hopena ma lalo o ka ʻoki ʻana, e like me nā pena, nā mea holoi a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
HPMC: hōʻike i ke ʻano rheological like me CMC, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o kona viscosity i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, kūpono ia no nā noi e like me nā uhi, nā mea hoʻopili a me nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻokuʻu ʻia.

4. Paʻa:
CMC: Paʻa mau ma luna o kahi ākea o ka pH a me ka mahana. Hiki iā ia ke ʻae i nā pae haʻahaʻa o nā electrolytes.
HPMC: ʻOi aku ka paʻa ma mua o ka CMC ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻakika, akā hiki ke hana i ka hydrolysis ma lalo o nā kūlana alkaline. He mea maʻalahi hoʻi ia i nā cations divalent, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka gelation a i ʻole ka ua.

5. Noi:
CMC: hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka mānoanoa, stabilizer a me ka mea mālama wai i ka meaʻai (e like me ka ice cream, sauce), pharmaceutical (e like me nā papa, suspension) a me nā mea hoʻonaninani (e like me ka cream, lotion).
HPMC: Hoʻohana mau ʻia i loko o nā mea hana (e laʻa, nā mea hoʻopili kiʻi sima, plaster, mortar), lāʻau lapaʻau (e laʻa, nā papa hoʻokuʻu hoʻokuʻu ʻia, hoʻomākaukau ophthalmic), a me nā mea hoʻonaninani (e laʻa, nā kulu maka, nā huahana mālama ʻili).

6. Ka 'awa'awa a me ka palekana:
CMC: Hoʻomaopopo nui ʻia he palekana (GRAS) e nā keʻena hoʻoponopono ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā palena i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā noi meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. He biodegradable a ʻaʻole ʻona.
HPMC: Manaʻo ʻia he palekana no ka ʻai ʻana i loko o nā palena i ʻōlelo ʻia. He biocompatible a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokuʻu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me ka binder papa.

7. Ke kumu kūʻai a me ka loaʻa:
CMC: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o HPMC. Loaʻa maʻalahi ia mai nā mea hoʻolako like ʻole a puni ka honua.
HPMC: Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma muli o kāna kaʻina hana a i kekahi manawa ka palena o ka lako mai kekahi mau mea hoʻolako.

8. Ka hopena o ke kaiapuni:
CMC: Biodegradable, loaʻa mai nā kumuwaiwai hou (cellulose). Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he mea pili i ke kaiapuni.
HPMC: Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a loaʻa mai ka cellulose, pēlā nō hoʻi e pili ana i ke kaiapuni.

Loaʻa iā CMC a me HPMC nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa e lilo ai i mea hoʻohui waiwai i nā ʻoihana he nui. ʻO ke koho ma waena o lākou e pili ana i nā koi noi kikoʻī e like me ka solubility, viscosity, stability a me nā kumu kūʻai. Ma keʻano laulā, makemake paha ʻo CMC ma muli o kāna kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka pH, a me ke kūpono no ka meaʻai a me nā noi hoʻonaninani. ʻO ka HPMC, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, makemake ʻia no kona viscosity kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā noi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea hana. ʻO ka hope loa, pono ke koho ʻia ma muli o ka noʻonoʻo piha ʻana i kēia mau kumu a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka hoʻohana i manaʻo ʻia.