01. Hoʻokomo i ka cellulose
ʻO ka cellulose kahi polysaccharide macromolecular i haku ʻia me ka glucose.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik maʻamau.ʻO ia ka mea nui o ka pā hale mea kanu, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka polysaccharide i hoʻolaha nui ʻia a nui loa i ke ʻano.
ʻO Cellulose ka waiwai hou loa ma ka honua, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka polymer maoli me ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili.Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, biodegradable piha, a me ka biocompatibility maikaʻi.
02. Nā kumu no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cellulose
Loaʻa i nā macromolecules cellulose ka nui o nā pūʻulu -OH.Ma muli o ka hopena o nā paʻa hydrogen, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika ma waena o nā macromolecules, e alakaʻi i kahi enthalpy hoʻoheheʻe nui △H;ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia nā apo i loko o nā macromolecules cellulose.E like me ka hoʻolālā, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka rigidity o ke kaulahao molekala, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi hoʻololi entropy liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ΔS.ʻO kēia mau kumu ʻelua e piʻi aʻe ai ka mahana o ka cellulose hehee (= △H / △S), a he haʻahaʻa loa ka mahana decomposition o cellulose.No laila, i ka wā e wela ai ka cellulose i kahi mahana, e ʻike ʻia nā fibers ʻO ke ʻano i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻoheheʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hana ʻana o nā mea cellulose ke hoʻohana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻe mua ʻana a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.
03. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻololi cellulose
Me ka emi ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai fossil a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā textiles chemical fiber, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe maoli i lilo i wahi wela e nānā ai ka poʻe.ʻO ka Cellulose ka waiwai kūlohelohe hou loa i ke ʻano.Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai maikaʻi e like me ka hygroscopicity maikaʻi, antistatic, ikaika ea permeability, dyeability maikaʻi, ʻoluʻolu i ka ʻaʻahu, maʻalahi ka hana textile, a me ka biodegradability.Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā fiber kemika..
Loaʻa i nā molekala cellulose ka nui o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl, he mea maʻalahi ke hana i nā paʻa hydrogen intramolecular a intermolecular, a decompose i nā wela kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻole.Eia nō naʻe, maikaʻi ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka cellulose, a hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia kona paʻa hydrogen e ka hoʻololi kemika a i ʻole ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hopena, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka helu heheʻe.Ma ke ʻano he ʻano huahana ʻoihana, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā textiles, ka wehe ʻana o ka membrane, nā plastics, ka paka a me nā uhi.
04. Hoʻololi etherification cellulose
ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi ʻano o ka cellulose derivative i loaʻa ma o ka hoʻololi etherification o cellulose.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma muli o kona mānoanoa maikaʻi loa, emulsification, hoʻokuʻu, hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni, colloid pale, paʻa ʻana i ka wai, a me nā waiwai adhesion.Hoʻohana ʻia i ka meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau, hana pepa, pena, mea kūkulu hale, etc.
ʻO ka etherification o ka cellulose kahi ʻano o nā derivatives i hana ʻia e ka hopena o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ke kaulahao mole cellulose me nā mea alkylating ma lalo o nā kūlana alkaline.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl e hōʻemi i ka helu o nā paʻa hydrogen intermolecular e hōʻemi i nā ikaika intermolecular, a laila hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa wela o ka cellulose, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hana o nā mea, a ma ka manawa like e hoʻemi i ka helu heheʻe o cellulose.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hopena o ka hoʻololi etherification ma nā hana ʻē aʻe o cellulose:
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e like me ke kumu kumu, ua hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i kahi kaʻina hana etherification hoʻokahi e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose complex ether me ka hopena like, viscosity kiʻekiʻe, kūpaʻa waika maikaʻi a me ka paʻakai paʻakai ma o ka alkalization a me ka etherification reactions.Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana etherification hoʻokahi, ʻo ka carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose i hana ʻia he kūpaʻa paʻakai maikaʻi, kūpaʻa waikawa a me ka solubility.Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nui o ka propylene oxide a me ka waikawa chloroacetic, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā huahana me nā ʻano carboxymethyl a me hydroxypropyl like ʻole.Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo i ka carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose i hana ʻia e ke ʻano hana hoʻokahi he pōkole hana pōkole, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huahana i nā paʻakai monovalent a me divalent a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ka waikawa.
05. Manaʻo o ka cellulose etherification hoʻololi
ʻO ka Cellulose kahi mea waiwai nui a me nā mea waiwai i waiwai i nā kumu waiwai, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kaiapuni, a hiki ke hana hou.ʻO nā derivatives o ka cellulose etherification hoʻololi he hana maikaʻi loa, ākea ka hoʻohana ʻana a me nā hopena hoʻohana maikaʻi loa, a hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina i ka nui.A me nā pono o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka nohona, me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kālepa i ka wā e hiki mai ana, inā hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā mea synthetic raw a me nā ʻano hana synthetic o cellulose derivatives, e hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou a ʻike i kahi ākea ākea o nā noi. .Waiwai
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-20-2023