Nā hale maʻamau o ʻeluacellulose ethershāʻawi ʻia ma nā Kiʻi 1.1 a me 1.2.ʻO kēlā me kēia huawaina β-D-dehydrated o kahi molekole cellulose
Hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻāpana kō (ka ʻāpana hou o cellulose) me hoʻokahi hui ether i kēlā me kēia ma nā kūlana C(2), C(3) a me C(6), ʻo ia hoʻi a hiki i ʻekolu.
he hui etera.Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl, loaʻa i nā macromolecules cellulose nā paʻa hydrogen intramolecular a intermolecular, he paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai.
A he paʻakikī ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik āpau.Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka etherification o cellulose, hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui ether i loko o ke kaulahao mole,
Ma kēia ala, ua luku ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen i loko a ma waena o nā molekala o cellulose, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kona hydrophilicity, i hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kona solubility.
hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka Figure 1.1 ke ʻano maʻamau o nā ʻāpana anhydroglucose ʻelua o ke kaulahao molekula cellulose ether, R1-R6=H.
a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopili organik.ʻO 1.2 kahi ʻāpana o ka carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose molecular chain, ʻo ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka carboxymethyl he 0.5,4.
He 2.0 ka degere pani o ka hydroxyethyl, a he 3.0 ka degere pani mola.
No kēlā me kēia mea pani o cellulose, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka nui o kāna etherification e like me ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS).hana ʻia me nā pulupulu
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka molekele prime ka pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka 0-3.ʻO ia hoʻi, kēlā me kēia pūʻulu anhydroglucose apo o cellulose
, ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i pani ʻia e nā hui etherifying o ka mea etherifying.Ma muli o ka pūʻulu hydroxyalkyl o cellulose, kona hoʻololi
Pono e hoʻomaka hou ka etherification mai ka hui hydroxyl manuahi hou.No laila, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kēia ʻano cellulose ether i nā mole.
degere o ka pani ʻana (MS).ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ka degere molar o ka hoʻololi ʻana e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka etherifying agent i hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana anhydroglucose o cellulose.
ʻO ka nuipaʻa awelika o nā reactants.
1 Ka hana maʻamau o kahi ʻāpana glucose
2 Nā ʻāpana o nā kaulahao molekula cellulose ether
1.2.2 Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā cellulose ethers
ʻO nā ether cellulose he eter hoʻokahi a i ʻole eter hui pū ʻia, ʻokoʻa ko lākou mau waiwai.ʻO nā macromolecules cellulose
Inā hoʻololi ʻia ka pūʻulu hydroxyl o ke apo ʻāpana e kahi pūʻulu hydrophilic, hiki i ka huahana ke loaʻa kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻololi ʻana ma lalo o ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻololi.
Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻoheheʻe wai;inā hoʻololi ʻia e kahi pūʻulu hydrophobic, loaʻa i ka huahana kekahi degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana wale nō ke haʻahaʻa ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana.
Hiki ke pehu wale nā huahana cellulose etherification i ka wai, a i ʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā hopena alkali liʻiliʻi.
waena.
E like me nā ʻano o nā mea pani, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: nā hui alkyl, e like me methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose;
Hydroxyalkyls, e like me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose;'ē aʻe, e like me carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. Ina ka ionization
Hoʻokaʻawale, cellulose ethers hiki ke mahele i: ionic, e like me carboxymethyl cellulose;non-ionic, e like me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose;huikau
ʻano, e like me ka hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose.E like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka solubility, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cellulose i: wai-soluble, e like me carboxymethyl cellulose,
Hydroxyethyl cellulose;ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonā wai, e like me ka methyl cellulose, etc.
1.2.3 Nā waiwai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cellulose ethers
ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi ʻano huahana ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka cellulose etherification, a he nui nā waiwai nui o ka cellulose ether.like
Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi;ma ke ʻano he paʻi paʻi, loaʻa iā ia ka solubility wai maikaʻi, nā waiwai mānoanoa, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ke kūpaʻa;
5
ʻAʻohe ʻala, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa, a he biocompatibility maikaʻi kona.Ma waena o lākou, loaʻa ka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) i "monosodium glutamate industrial"
inoa kapakapa.
1.2.3.1 Hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification o ka cellulose ether he mana nui i kāna mau mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni e like me ka hiki ke hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka ikaika paʻa.Cellulose etera
Ma muli o kona ikaika mechanical maikaʻi a me ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana me nā resins like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni plastik, nā adhesives a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
hoʻomākaukau mea.
1.2.3.2 Solubility
Ma muli o ke ola ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl he nui ma ke apo o ka ʻāpana glucose i loko o ka oxygen, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai o ka cellulose ethers.a
Ma muli o ka cellulose ether substituent a me ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana, aia kekahi mau koho like ʻole no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik.
1.2.3.3 Mānoanoa
Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose ether i loko o ka wai wai ma ke ʻano o ka colloid, kahi e hoʻoholo ai ka degere o ka polymerization o cellulose ether i ka cellulose.
Viscosity o ka hoʻonā etera.ʻAʻole like me nā wai Newtonian, hoʻololi ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether solution me ka ikaika shear, a
Ma muli o kēia ʻano o nā macromolecules, e piʻi wikiwiki ka viscosity o ka hopena me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike paʻa o ka cellulose ether, akā naʻe ka viscosity o ka hopena.
E emi koke ana ka viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana [33].
1.2.3.4 Hoʻohaʻahaʻa
ʻO ka solution cellulose ether i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai no kekahi manawa e ulu i ka bacteria, a laila e hana ai i ka bacteria enzyme a luku i ka cellulose ether phase.
Hoʻopaʻa ka ʻāpana glucose i hoʻololi ʻole ʻia, ma laila e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o ka molekala pili o ka macromolecule.No laila, cellulose ethers
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hoʻonā wai e pono ai ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi nui o nā preservatives.
Eia kekahi, he nui nā mea kūʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ka cellulose ethers e like me ka hana o ka ʻili, ka hana ionic, ka paʻa o ka foam a me nā mea hoʻohui.
hana gel.Ma muli o kēia mau waiwai, hoʻohana ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ka textiles, papermaking, synthetic detergents, cosmetics, food, medicine,
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻano he nui.
1.3 Hoʻolauna i nā mea kanu kanu
Mai ka ʻike nui ʻana o 1.2 cellulose ether, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ka mea maka no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka cellulose ether ka nui o ka pulupulu cellulose, a ʻo kekahi o nā mea o kēia kumuhana.
ʻO ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cellulose i unuhi ʻia mai nā mea kanu maka e pani ai i ka pulupulu cellulose e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka cellulose ether.He hoʻolauna pōkole kēia i ka mea kanu
mea waiwai.
Ke emi nei nā kumu waiwai maʻamau e like me ka aila, ka lanahu a me ke kinoea maoli, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana like ʻole e pili ana iā lākou, e like me nā fibers synthetic a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni fiber, e hoʻopā nui ʻia.Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ke kaiāulu a me nā ʻāina a puni ka honua (ʻoi aku
He ʻāina hoʻomohala ʻia) nāna e nānā pono i ka pilikia o ka haumia o ke kaiapuni.Loaʻa i ka cellulose kūlohelohe ka biodegradability a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
E lilo ia i kumu nui o nā mea fiber.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-26-2022